Hypselobarbus thomassi (the red Canarese barb)
is a critically endangeredspecies
of ray-finned
fish in the genus Hypselobarbus. It is endemic to
the Western
Ghats in Karnataka and Kerala, India. This species is potentially a very large fish,
growing to 100 cm (39 in) possibly even larger
The melon barb (Haludaria fasciata) is a common species of cyprinid fish that is endemic to rivers in Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu in the Western Ghats of South India. They live in a tropical climate in water that typically has a pH of 6.0—6.5, a water hardness of around 5 dGH, and a temperature range of 22–26 °C (72–79 °F). This species can also be found in the aquarium trade.
The melon barb is an open water, substrate egg-scatterer, and adults
do not guard the eggs. It grows to a length of 6 cm (2.4 in)
The Indian flying barb (Esomus danrica), historically flying barb, is one of the species known in the group flying barbs owing to their extremely long barbels. It was discovered as long ago as 1822 by Hamilton. However, it is rarely seen in aquaria. It is found in Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and India, it is found in many of the same localities as Danio rerio and Danio dangila,
an example being the Jorai Rivulet, a tributary of the Sankosh river in
Coochbehar district, West Bengal, India. The rare fish Borellius spp.
is locally named "Boirali maach".
Description
This
fish reaches a maximum length of 6 in (15 cm). The Indian flying barb
is a silver fish with a black line on an elongated body and gold fins.
Barbels reach almost to the anal fin.
Behaviour
This fish has an exceptional ability for jumping, hence its name.
Research in 2001 by Fang Fang suggests that Esomus is the genus most closely related to Danio, closer even than Devario.
Temperature preference: 20-25 Celsius
pH preference: 7.6
Hardness preference: Soft to medium
Salinity preference: Zero
Compatibility: Good but fast like most danios, a largeish fish, needs plenty of space
Life span: Typically 3 to 5 years
Ease of keeping: Moderate
Ease of breeding: Moderate to hard
A tank with a tight fitting lid with no gaps is recommended.
The olive barb (Systomus sarana) (Malayalam: കുറുവ/മുണ്ടത്തി) is a species of cyprinid fish native to Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Myanmar. This species can reach a length of 42 centimetres (17 in) TL. It is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries and sought as a gamefish. It is popular in Bangladesh but unpopular in the aquarium trade.Adults occur in rivers, streams, lakes and backwaters. Tolerant of
salinity. They form schools in groups of four or five to several dozens
(Ref. 6028). Feed on aquatic insects, fish, algae and shrimps. Spawn in
running waters among submerged boulders and vegetation (Ref. 4832).
Small fish have limited demand in the aquarium trade.
Adults occur in rivers, streams, lakes and backwaters. Tolerant
of salinity. They form schools in groups of four or five to several
dozens (Ref. 6028). Feed on aquatic insects, fish, algae and shrimps.
Spawn in running waters among submerged boulders and vegetation (Ref.
4832). Small fish have limited demand in the aquarium trade.
Osteobrama bakeri is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Osteobrama. It is endemic to streams in the southern Western Ghats of Kerala where it has been recorded from the rivers Chaliyar ; Periyar, Chalakudy, Karuvannur, Muvattupuzha, Meenachil, Manimala, Chandragiri, Bharathapuzha, Pamba, Kallada and Achenkovil.
The Denison barb, Denison's barb, Miss Kerala, red-line torpedo barb, or roseline shark (Sahyadria denisonii) is an endangered species of cyprinid fish endemic to the fast-flowing hill streams and rivers of the Western Ghats in India. It is commonly seen in the aquarium trade; pet collection caused it to become endangered and is its single major threat.
Physical characteristics
The fish is characterized by a torpedo-shaped body with silver
scales, a red line running from their snout, through the eye, back
towards the middle of the body; and below the red line, a black line
that runs the length of the fish to the tail. As they mature, a
distinctive green/blue marking on top of the head develops. This species
reputedly reaches a length of 15 centimetres (5.9 in) TL, but typically will only reach 9–11 centimetres (3.5–4.3 in). They are active shoaling fishes.
The species was described by Francis Day and named after Sir William Denison.
Habitat and threats
Denison barb is endemic to the Achenkovil, Pamba and Chaliyar
rivers. Specifically, they are found in four locations —
Cheenkannipuzha (a major tributary of Valapattanam River), the
Achankovil river, the Chaliyar river and near Mundakayam town. The species has an estimated range of 8,805 km2 (3,400 sq mi). S. denisonii is a benthopelagic species that is gregarious and shoals are known to occur in rocky pools with thick vegetation along their banks. They thrive in a subtropical climate in water with a 6.8–7.8 pH, a water hardness of 5–25 dGH and a temperature range of 65 to 79 °F (18 to 26 °C).
As reported by Practical Fishkeeping in January 2009, new research by team of scientists from India suggests that the species is being over-exploited for the aquarium trade, potentially placing it at risk of extinction. In spite of being listed as endangered by local assessment reports
the fish had been promoted as an 'export item' by several government
agencies. The population structure, age, growth, mortality and harvest
intensity in the Valapattanam River was studied and suggests that the species is being over-exploited.
The fish was most likely collected and exported out of India in
1996. In 1997, it won the third prize at 'Aquarama 1997' (world
exhibition on Ornamental fish) under the 'New Species Category'.
By 2007-08 it constituted about 60- 65% of the total live ornamental
fish exported from India which was worth US$1.54 million. Though the
Government of Kerala banned the fishing and export of the endangered
barb, it is yet to be listed under the National Wildlife Protection Act.
The golden form of this Denison barb is extinct from the wild but few
Aquarium hobbyists have it in their collection.
In the aquarium
This
fish is a relatively new addition to the fish keeping hobby. The
Denison's barb is a schooling fish that is usually kept in groups. It
tends to be peaceful but some have been known to be slightly aggressive
around food, especially if kept in less space than they require. They
eat bloodworms, shrimp, meat, fish flake and some vegetation. A similar fish, Sahyadria chalakkudiensis is sometimes confused with this fish, but it is a larger, less colourful and a more aggressive species.
Breeding
Over the
years many efforts have been made to breed this rapidly depleting
species in captivity, initially with limited success. In 2009, success
came from the work carried out at the Fisheries College, Kerala by Bony
Joseph. Breeding efforts have also been carried out by Chester Zoo and two amateur fish-lovers from Chennai (India), Venkatesh and Murali.
These efforts may pave the way for standardizing the process and would
be a major boost to conservation and the ornamental fish trade in
India. Large numbers are now being bred in captivity at commercial
facilities.
Pethia punctata is a species of cyprinid fish found in streams and ponds of the Western Ghats of India. There have also been unconfirmed reports that it is also present in Sri Lanka. This species can reach a length of 7.5 centimetres
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